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All tutorials located on this site are the property of Patrick Neligan and are for personal study purposes only. They are not peer reviewed and no responsibility is taken for inaccuracies. These tutorials must not be reproduced without permission or used in any other publication. Moreover, whilst hyperlinks from other sites on the internet are welcomed, these tutorials must not appear elsewhere on the net, without permission.
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Current Concepts
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Basic **
Introductory level
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Advanced
What's all this fuss about Albumin?****
What is albumin? Why is it important? What causes serum albumin to decrease? Consequences of decreased plasma albumin, Disease processes associated with Hypoalbuminaemia, Albumin as a prognostic index, Correcting Hypoalbuminaemia, The recent fuss about albumin, Key Points
FDA warnings. What are low molecular weight heparins and why are they different from standard heparin? Administration, dosage and reversal of LMWH, LMWH as prophylactic agents, LMWH as therapeutic agents, LMWH and neuraxial anaesthesia, Key Points
1. Core Physical Principles, The Three Different Phases of Matter, Melting Point, Boiling Point, Critical Temperature, 2. The Gas Laws, Boyles' Law, Charles' Law, The Third Gas Law, Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, Avogadro's Hypothesis, The Universal Gas Constant, 3. The Solubility of Gases, Henry's Law, Determination of Gas Solubility in Liquid, The Ostwald Solubility Coefficient, Partition Coefficients
Part 1: The Application of the Gas Laws, Oxygen, Nitrous Oxide, Adiabatic Cooling, Entonox, Part 2: The Confusing Stuff about Anaesthetic Vapours, Solubility and the Blood-Gas Partition Coefficient, Solubility and Nitrous Oxide, The Concentration Effect, The Second Gas Effect, Nitrous Oxide and Closed Spaces, Diffusion Hypoxia, Drug Potency and MAC, 5 things you must know about MAC, Reasons why we use Nitrous Oxide, The Oil-Gas Partition Coefficient, How the OGPC and BGPC interact,The Tissue Blood Partition Coefficient
This tutorial introduces the concepts of volume of distibution, clearance, single and multicompartment models, hepatic extraction and drug distribution.
Two parts: 1. Anatomy, embryology and physiology of the adrenal glands. 2. Pathological disorders of the adrenal galands and their anaesthetic management: Phaeochromocytoma, Adrenal Insufficiency, Glucocorticoid excess, Mineralocorticoid excess, Androgen Excess.
Clinical Scenarios, What is atrial fibrillation? Why is atrial fibrillation important? How is Atrial Fibrillation Managed .Suggested Treatment Protocols, Preoperative assessment. The Effects of Anaesthesia on Atrial Fibrillation. Atrial Fibrillation following Cardiothoracic Surgery. Key Points
1. Haemostatic Failure, Impaired Function Of Blood Vessels, Impaired Function Of Platelets, Impaired Function of Coagulation Pathways 2. Commonly Encountered Coagulation Disorders, Von Willebrand's Disease, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenai Purpura, Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome, Haemophilia. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy
Types 1 and II diabetes, Ketoacidosis, non ketotic syndrome, thoughts about the conventional management of diabetic patients.
Clinical scenarios, What is hypertension? Classification of hypertension, Why is hypertension important?, Treatment of hypertension, Pathophysiology of hypertension [pheripheral blood vessels], End organ damage (resulting from hypertension), Preoperative hypertension and perioperative risk, Methods of reducing perioperative risk,Acute Postoperative Hypertension, Hypertensive emergencies, Key points
What is a Local Anaesthetic? Local anaesthetics bclassified structurally, How local anaesthetics work, onset time of action, what determines the duration of action, what determines the potency of a local anaesthetic, accelerating the speed of onset of blockade,"carbonated lignocaine", preferential effects on any particular types of nerve fibre, esters, toxicity, maximum safe doses,addding adrenaline, prilocaine, amethocaine, ropivicaine.
What is it? Why is it important? Presenting features, Main Clinical Features, Treatment of established MH, How to avoid MH, How to anaesthetise patients with known or suspected MH.
Why we intubate patients, Types of endotracheal tubes, Laryngoscopes, The process of intubation, Rapid sequence induction.
Please visit our sister site Critical Care Medicine Tutorials
Note, the following tutorials are legacy items only, they have ALL been rewritten and improved are can be visited at www.ccmtutorials.com
Aspects of how to approach intensive care patients systematically, including how to keep a good daily record.
Clinical Scenarios, A primer of Applied Cardiovascular Physiology., Shock: the manifestation of cardiovascular failure, High Output versus low output states., Cardiovascular measurement., How to treat cardiovascular failure, How do you know your treatment is working, Solution to clinical scenarios, Key points.
Clinical Scenarios, Endotracheal tubes, Laryngoscopes, The process of intubation, "Going asleep for intubation" – what anaesthetists do, Why critical care patients are different, The haemodynamic consequences of intubation / initiation of ventilation, The initiation of ventilation., Key Points
Part 1: a crash course in respiratory physiology
Part 2: assisted and mechanical ventilation
Why is the Right Ventricle Important? What causes Right Ventricular Infarction? Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of RVI. Diagnosis of RVI. Complications associated with RVI. Treatment of RVI. Prognosis, Key Points
Definitions, Pathophysiology of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Septic Shock, Organ dysfunction & MODs, "Capillary Leak Syndrome", Signs of sepsis, The management of sepsis, Controversies
This tutorial deals with soft tissue infections from the epidermis to muscle, including necrotising fasciitis.
What it is you need to know when studying for the primary, divided into sections.
A 12 week course, featuring self assessment questions for the FFA / FRCA primary exam
A guide to approaching essay questions for medical and anaesthesia exams.
Types of questions that you may be asked. Note that answers are not included at present.
Types of clinical scenarios that you may be asked, particularly in the orals. Note that answers are not included at present.
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